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GHAD vs. CFDs vs. HOAs

At times, the use of Geologic Hazard Abatement Districts (GHADs) is evaluated against other long-term funding alternatives, such as Community Facilities Districts (CFDs) and Homeowners Associations (HOAs). While the termination of CFDs is often tied to repayment of infrastructure bonds, GHADs are usually created with perpetual funding streams and corresponding long-term operations, maintenance and prevention responsibilities. Below is a brief comparison of several of the key aspects of GHADs and CFDs.

GHADS

CFDs

HOAs

Subject to Prop 13

Subject to Prop 218

Subject to CEQA

Subject to LAFCO

Issue Bonds

Own & Acquire Land

Focus on Hazard Prevention

Quickly Respond to New
Land Instability
Circumstances

Revenue Collection via Property Tax

Deductibility of Taxes

Portion related to
maintenance,
repair, or interest

Portion related to
maintenance,
repair, or interest

No

Formation & Management
Requirements

Simpler

More Complex

Simpler

City Governance Option

Yes

Required

No

Duration

Unlimited until
dissolved

Usually, until
initial bonds
repaid

Unlimited until
dissolved

Nature of Entity

Independent
State Entity

District Created
by Local Agency

Formed
by Initial Developer

History of use for mitigation &
land management functions

Yes

Potential, but not
typical

Potential, but not
ideal

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